"DIANA" in the KJV Bible. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). According to Roman mythology, Diana was the daughter of Jupiter and Latona, and twin of the god of light, Apollo. KJV, ASV, WNT, BBE, EMB, WBS, KJ2000, MSTC, GODBEY, SAWYER, ANDERSON, NOYES, WORRELL, MNT, MACE She was the daughter of Jupiter and the Titan Latona (or Leto). This heathen goddess is not merely referred to as “great” because of the praise and admiration she received. This heathen goddess is not merely referred to as “great” because of the praise and admiration she received. It is thought that Diana may have originated as “an indigenous woodland goddess,” or a local deity. In Roman art Diana usually appears as a huntress with bow and quiver, accompanied by a hound or deer. The meaning of Diana; Artemis in the Bible (From International Standard Bible Encyclopedia) di-an'-a (Artemis "prompt," "safe"): A deity of Asiatic origin, the mother goddess of the earth, whose seat of worship was the temple in Ephesus, the capital of the Roman province of Asia. Greek goddess (K. J. V. Diana) of fertility worshiped at Ephesus and elsewhere during the New Testament era. In Ephesus a temple was built in the third century b.c. Forms and content of worship varied. So we have the sun god Apollo/Paul and the moon goddess Artemis/Diana presented as brother and sister in this Bible story. Her name is akin to the Latin words dium (“sky”) and dius (“daylight”). So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth. New International Version (NIV), All the Women of the Bible – Diana of the Ephesians. Though few details have been recorded, enough references to Diana worship during the early Christian period exist to give some indication that it may have been relatively widespread among remote and rural communities throughout Europe, and that such beliefs persisted into the Merovingianperiod. The daughter of the Roman god Jupiter and his mistress, Latona, Diana was born on the island of … Diana is one of the oldest, more complex and more interesting forms of the Greek pantheon. Many myths about Diana involve the protection of her virginal status, but perhaps the most famous involves the hunter Actaeon. Omissions? Diana, in Roman religion, goddess of wild animals and the hunt, identified with the Greek goddess Artemis. Actaeon stumbled upon Diana bathing naked an… Artemis, in Greek religion, the goddess of wild animals, the hunt, and vegetation and of chastity and childbirth; she was identified by the Romans with Diana.Artemis was the daughter of Zeus and Leto and the twin sister of Apollo.Among the rural populace, Artemis was the favourite goddess. This temple housed the foundation charter of the Latin League and was said to date back to King Servius Tullius (6th century bce). Merriam-Webster describes Artemis as "a Greek moon goddess often portrayed as a virgin huntress — compare DIANA". The goddess worshiped in Ephesus as “Artemis” seems to have been a local deity, distinct from the Greek moon goddess with whom she shared a name. At Rome the most important temple of Diana was on the Aventine. [8] “ Diana was a fertility goddess; goddess of the hunt, the moon, and childbirth. In Roman mythology, Diana was the goddess of hunting, and in later times, the moon and chastity. How did a temple dedicated to a Roman goddess end up in Ephesus? Though perhaps originally an indigenous woodland goddess, Diana early became identified with Artemis. So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth. Most noticeably, she was increasingly called “Diana”, the Roman name for both the Ephesian and Greek Artemises. There was probably no original connection between Diana and the moon, but she later absorbed Artemis’s identification with both Selene (Luna) and Hecate, a chthonic (infernal) deity; hence the characterization triformis sometimes used in Latin literature. "GODDESS" in the KJV Bible. Still, the Ephesians regarded their goddess with deep devotion and warm affection, and she influenced many aspects of Ephesian life in ways that are difficult for us to imagine. It is said that out of herself she divided into the darkness and the light, keeping for herself the darkness of creation and creating her brother Apollo, the light. References to contemporary Diana worship exist from the 6th century on the Iberian peninsula a… Both Diana and Artemis refer to the same pagan goddess. This was a shrine common to the cities of the Latin League. The great goddess Diana resembled the attributes of Ashtoreth (which see). 27 So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth. Goddesses known to have been referred to by the title include Inanna, Anat, Isis, Nut, Astarte, and possibly Asherah (by the prophet Jeremiah).In Greco-Roman times, Hera and Juno bore this title. The, so called, ‘many breasted’ statue of Artemis pictured above is on display at the Vatican museum. Goddess of hunt Diana was often represented as a Diana could also be seen as a 'false-trinity', for she was a triple-goddess. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Diana-Roman-religion, Diana - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). More Christians meant less pagans; less pagans meant a decreasing demand for certain miniature silver models of the inner Temple enshrining the great goddess Diana. The goddess mentioned in Acts 19 is called Artemis of the Ephesians. In Greek mythology, Diana was called Artemis. The most famous place of worship for the goddess was the grove of Diana Nemorensis (“Diana of the Wood”) on the shores of Lake Nemi at Aricia (modern Ariccia), near Rome. The goddess continued to change and evolve. Although Artemis embodies pretty much the same theological expression as Diana, it appears that Diana and Artemis came to pass independently from each other. The great goddess Diana resembled the attributes of Ashtoreth (which see). Goddess Diana created the world of her own being having in herself the seeds of all creation yet to come. They were born on Delos and, like most Roman deities, were born as full-grown adults. As the result of Paul’s powerful ministry in Ephesus, not only were curious arts and books of divination burned, but the silver shrine of Diana trade also received its death blow. Like her Greek counterpart, she was also a goddess of domestic animals. According to Dumezil it falls into a particular subset of celestial gods, referred to in histories of religion as ‘frame gods’. Cypress trees were sacred to her. The temple was originally dedicated to Artemis, the goddess of the hunt and of fertility in Greek mythology. Even before Rome became an empire, during the time of the Latin League of cities, she was worshiped as Diana Nemorensis, or “Diana of the Wood,” by torch-bearing processions in the sacred forests on the shores of a lake near R… She was considered the perpetual virgin goddess of childbirth and women. In time, however, she was associated with the Greek goddess Artemis and came to share her mythology. Her name is akin to the Latin words dium (“sky”) and dius (“daylight”). Her worship combined Greek, Roman, and Anatolian elements and dates back to ca. di-an'-a (Artemis "prompt," "safe"): A deity of Asiatic origin, the mother goddess of the earth, whose seat of worship was the temple in Ephesus, the capital of the Roman province of Asia. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The second temple, built in the reign of Alexander the Great in Ephesus, the capital of Asia, became a renowned center of the worship of Diana and was the idol “whom all Asia and the world worshipped.” A lucrative trade was developed by the silversmiths in silver replicas of Diana. The same was a standing epithet, a proper name, distinguishing her from other inferior deities bearing the same name of Diana or Artemis. Such gods, while keeping the original features of celestial divinities, i.e. Through the intervention of the town clerk of Ephesus, Paul was saved from rough handling by the enraged silversmiths. Chapter 4. Apollo was a sun God who was also the twin brother of Artemis. The same was a standing epithet, a proper name, distinguishing her from other inferior deities bearing the same name of Diana or Artemis. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. One Demetrius, a silversmith, finding sales dropping off, began to look with somewhat jaundiced eye on the crowds attending the meetings in the school of Tyrannus. Bible Gateway is here to help with these FREE lessons. As a fertility deity she was invoked by women to aid conception and delivery. So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth. 1000 b.c. The persona of Diana is complex and contains a number of archaic features. It then tells us that Diana was the Roman goddess of the moon, and of the fields and woods, and that she corresponds to … Like her Greek counterpart, Artemis, Diana was the goddess of the hunt. KJV, HCSB, ISV, YLT, DARBY, NASB, ASV, NET, AM, LEB, WEB, BBE, WNT Diana was the Roman goddess of the hunt but also of the moon (having supplanted Luna) and of childbirth and was particularly associated with oak groves. Who was "Diana" (Acts 19:24)? transcendent heavenly power and abstentio… Diana. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. A unique and peculiar custom dictated that this priest be a runaway slave and that he slay his predecessor in combat. Symbolic and Representative Bible Women. Goddess Diana highly influenced the art and literature in ancient Rome. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. She symbolized the generative and nutritive powers of nature, and so was represented with many breasts. Stories of Goddess Diana are told from the beginning of Troy to the Christian Bible of King James in the scriptures of Acts and the gospels of Paul. Another important centre for the worship of Diana was at Ephesus, where the Temple of Artemis (or Diana) was one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The Online Etymological Dictionary says of Diana: "ancient Italian goddess of the moon, patroness of virginity and hunting, later identified with Greek Artemis, and through her with eastern goddesses such as Diana of Ephesus." The Artemis mentioned in the book of Acts was a different deity—a localized goddess of the Ephesians—but she bore the same name (Latinized as “Diana”) as the goddess of Greek mythology. Updates? This Latin word, properly denoting a Roman divinity, is the representative of the Greek Artemus, the tutelary goddess of the Ephesians, who plays so important a part in the narrative of Acts 19.The Ephesian Diana was, however, regarded as invested with very different attributes, and is rather to be identified with Astarte and other female divinities of the East. The Bible doesn't have to be daunting! 28 And when they heard these sayings, they were full of wrath, and cried out, saying, Great is Diana of the Ephesians. So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom … Like her Greek counterpart, she was also a goddess of domestic animals. Her temple in Ephesus was considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia defines Diana as: A deity of Asiatic origin, the mother goddess of the earth, whose seat of worship was the temple in Ephesus, the capital of the Roman province of Asia. The Greek goddess Artemis (Diana to the Romans) was the goddess of the moon and hunting. Diana is but the Latinized form of the Greek word Artemis, yet the Artemis of Ephesus should not be confused with the Greek goddess of that name. In Roman mythology, Diana was the goddess of the hunt. Diana, in Roman religion, goddess of wild animals and the hunt, identified with the Greek goddess Artemis. In her cult there Diana was also considered the protector of the lower classes, especially slaves; the Ides (13th) of August, her festival at Rome and Aricia, was a holiday for slaves. Artemis is her Greek equivalent. Diana swore a vow of chastity, making her one of the Roman maiden goddesses famed for their virginity, alongside Minerva and Vesta. Smith's Bible dictionary tells us that Artemis was the Greek goddess of hunting, corresponding to the Roman goddess Diana. Corrections? Goddess Diana loved and ruled with her brother Apollo, the god of the Sun. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Associated with Diana at Aricia were Egeria, the spirit of a nearby stream who shared with Diana the guardianship of childbirth, and the hero Virbius (the Roman counterpart of Hippolytus), who was said to have been the first priest of Diana’s cult at Aricia. Sermons and other religious documents have provided evidence for the worship of Diana during the Middle Ages. Queen of Heaven was a title given to a number of ancient sky goddesses worshipped throughout the ancient Mediterranean and Near East during ancient times. Her original temple was founded 580 b.c., and burned by Erostratus in 356 b.c. This Latin word, properly denoting a Roman divinity, is the representative of the Greek Artemus, the tutelary goddess of the Ephesians, who plays so important a part in the narrative of Acts 19.The Ephesian Diana was, however, regarded as invested with very different attributes, and is rather to be identified with Astarte and other female divinities of the East. As a fertility deity she was invoked by women to aid conception and delivery.
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